Introduction
Throughout history
rice has been one of man's most important
foods. Today, this unique grain helps sustain two- thirds of the world's
population. Archeological evidence suggests that rice has been feeding
mankind for more than 5,000 years. Today, agriculture is the backbone of
India’s economy, providing direct employment to about 70% of
working people in the country. It forms the basis of many premier
industries of India, including the textile, jute, and sugar industries.
Agriculture contributes about 31% to GDP; about 25% of India's exports
are agricultural products.
Rice Production area
The major rice growing area in India are West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh,
Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Tamil Nadu,
Punjab, Maharashtra, Kannataka, Haryana, Gujarat, Kerala, Jammu-
Kashmir, Tripura, Meghalaya, Manipur, Rajasthan, Nagaland, Arunanchal
Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Mirozam, Goa, Pondicherry, Sikkim, A & N
Island and D & N Haveli.
Growth promotional activities
Rice is the agriculture is the backbone of India’s economy,
providing direct employment to about 70% of working people in the
country. It forms the basis of many premier industries of India,
including the textile, jute, and sugar industries. Agriculture
contributes about 31% to GDP; about 25% of India's exports are
agricultural products.
Through a combination of increasing the area under cultivation and
increasing cropping intensity today India is self sufficient in rice.
Adoption of modern varieties (MVs) rice production exceeded 100 million
t annually since 1988. India regularly exports high quality
basmati
rice (aromatic).
In India alone,
basmati rice,
non basmati rice exports
are valued at (US) $800 million per annum. Over 80% of Basmati rice
grown in India is produced for export.
Types of Rice
There are primarily four distinct types of rice:
India accounts for more than 75 percent of global trade, Japonica rice
that accounts for around 12 percent of global rice trade, Basmati rice
accounts for around 10 percent of global trade and Glutinous rice
accounts for most of the remainder.
The main rice varieties grown in India are:
Abhaya, Aditya, ADT 37, ADT 38, ADT 40, Ajaya, Ananda, APD 36, APHR-1,
APHR-2, AU 2, Avinash, Barkat, Basmati 217, BASMATI 370, BHADRA, BTP
5204, CHINA 988, CNRH-3, CO 45, CR 1016, CR 138 928, CTH 3, DRRH-1, FR
43 B, Gayatri, Gora types, Himalaya 741, Himdhan, HKR126, Huskalam,
Intan, IR 22 / 36 / 28 / 34 / 42 / 50 / 62 / 64, Jagannath, Jaishree,
Janki, JAYA, Jyothi, Jyoti, K 332, K 39 KALINGA 3, KANCHAN, KASTHURI=IET
8580, Kasturi, KAU 1531, Kaveri, KHITTISCH, KHP-2, KIRAN, KRH 1, Krishna
Hamsa, KUNTI, Madhu, MAHSURI, Mahsuri white, Manasarovar, MANGALA,
MGR-1, MO 5, MTU 7029, MUKHI (CTH 1), Nagarjuna, NIDHI (IET9994), PANT
DHAN 10 / 12 / 4 / 6, PAVIZHAM=MO 6, PHALGUNA, PR103 / 106, PRASANA,
Pravana, PRH-1, Pusa basmati 1, PY3, RADHA, Rasi, Salivahana, SARJOO 52,
Sasyasree, SUDHA, Suraksha, SUREKHA, SWARMA, Swarnadhan, SWARNAPRABAHA,
TULSI, UDAYA, Vibhava and Vikramarya.
